Sunil Ojha, Ph.D.
Research Summary
My research focus is on the evolutionary relationship of enzymes that are dependent on cofactors, such as FAD, FMN, TPP and PLP dependent enzymes. I will be asking the following three questions:
- Within a family, do all the cofactor dependent enzymes utilize a common chemical strategy? To answer this question, I will analyze how enzymes interact with their cofactors. Within a family of related enzymes, I will compare cofactor-binding pockets to determine whether functional residues are conserved across the family. Conserved functional residues may be used to deduce the common mechanistic strategy employed by enzymes in the family.
- Does a cofactor impose constraints on the evolution of its protein partners? To answer this question, I will compare cofactor dependent enzymes to homologous enzymes that are not cofactor dependent.
- Can we predict whether ORFs of unknown function are cofactor dependent? Prediction of cofactor dependency for uncharacterized ORFs has previously been accomplished by searching for sequence homology to a motif or domain known to bind cofactor. However, searching for cofactor binding sites using only primary amino acid sequence yields numerous false positives, mainly because cofactor-binding residues may not be aligned linearly in the primary sequence. Consequently, I will utilize 3-dimentional structures of cofactor binding pockets to search structural databases for sequences that may be cofactor dependent.
